Components and Hardware devices are divided into Basic Hardware and Hardware Supplemental
The Basic Hardware: are fundamental and essential parts for the computer to function as are: Motherboard, monitor, keyboard and mouse.
The Additional Hardware: are those non-essential additional devices such as: printer, scanner, digital video camera, webcam, etc.
Motherboard Motherboard or
major hardware components of computer and essential to its operation are on the motherboard (also known as motherboard), a printed circuit board that houses the Central Processing Unit (CPU) or microprocessor, chipset integrated circuit (auxiliary), RAM, or Flash-ROM BIOS, etc.. as well as communicate with each other.
Hardware Groups
According to their functions, components and hardware devices are divided into several groups and in the following order:
Input Devices Input Devices are those through which send data outside the central processing unit, including keyboard, mouse, scanner, or microphone, among others.
Chipset (Integrated Circuit Auxiliary) Chipset Integrated Circuit Assistant or the spinal cord of the computer, built into the motherboard, enables it to work at the heart of the system allowing data traffic between the microprocessor (CPU) and other motherboard components, interconnected through various buses which are: the Northbridge (North Bridge) and the Southbridge (South Bridge).
The Northbridge or North Bridge is an integrated circuit that makes a bridge between the microprocessor and memory in addition to the video graphics card or AGP or PCI-Express, as well as communications with the South Bridge.
The Southbridge and South Bridge (also known as Hub Controllers Input / Output) is an integrated circuit that coordinates within the board's input and output devices as well as some other features of low speed. The South Bridge is connected to the CPU through the North Bridge.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) The CPU (Central Processing Unit or Central Processing Unit) can be composed of one or more integrated circuit chips that are responsible for interpreting and executing instructions, and to manage, coordinate and process data is ultimately the brain of the computer system. also speed the computer depends on the speed of the CPU or microprocessor which is measured in Mhz (unit of measurement of the speed of processing). It is divided into several records:
Control Unit Control Unit is responsible for checking that instructions are executed, looking them in main memory, decoding (playing) and then be executed in the processing unit.
Arithmetic-Logic Unit
Arithmetic-Logic Unit is the processing unit which carries out the execution of arithmetic instructions and logical.
Storage Unit The storage unit or memory stores all data that is processed in the computer memory is divided into Primary and Secondary or Auxiliary Memory.
Principal or Primary Memory (RAM - ROM) in main memory or primary computer are the RAM, ROM and cache.
Memory RAM (Random Access Memory or Random Access Memory) is an integrated circuit or chip that stores programs and data executed by the computer results and temporarily, as its contents are lost when it goes off. It is called random access - or direct access - because you can access any memory location without having to follow an order. The RAM can be read and written so that its contents can be modified.
ROM (Read Only Memory or Read Only Memory) chips is recorded in a series of programs by the hardware manufacturer and is read-only, so can not be changed - at least not very quickly or easily - and not altered by power outages. In this memory values \u200b\u200bare stored routines for boot or startup and configuration.
cache or RAM cache is a high-speed auxiliary memory, which is not only a shortcut copy of main memory stored in the RAM modules.
Secondary Memory (Hard Drive, Floppy disks, etc.).
secondary memory (also called storage device) consists of all devices capable of storing data in devices that can be internal as the hard disk or removable media such as floppy disks (floppy disks), CDs , DVDs, etc.
Output Devices Output devices are those that receive the data processed by computer and can externalize through peripherals such as monitor, printer, scanner, plotter, speakers, etc.
Devices Input / Output (Peripherals mixed): There are devices that are both input and output as mentioned storage peripherals, CDs, DVDs, as well as modems, faxes, USB, or network cards.
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